重庆分公司,新征程启航
为企业提供网站建设、域名注册、服务器等服务
目标
阳信网站制作公司哪家好,找成都创新互联!从网页设计、网站建设、微信开发、APP开发、成都响应式网站建设公司等网站项目制作,到程序开发,运营维护。成都创新互联从2013年成立到现在10年的时间,我们拥有了丰富的建站经验和运维经验,来保证我们的工作的顺利进行。专注于网站建设就选成都创新互联。
在SpringBoot接口中,我们一般用@RequestBody类注解需要反序列化的对象,但是当存在多个子类的情况下,常规的反序列化不能满足需求,比如:
我们有一个类Exam用于表示一张试卷:
@Data public class Exam { private String name; private Listquestions; }
这里Question比较特殊,Question本身是一个抽象类,提供了一些通用的方法调用,实际子类有单选题、多选题、判断题多种情况
实现
SprintBoot内置的序列化是使用的Jackson,查阅文档后发现Jackson提供了@JsonTypeInfo和@JsonSubTypes这两个注解,搭配使用,可以根据指定的字段值来指定实例化中用到的具体的子类类型
这几个类的实际代码如下:
抽象基类Question:
@Data @JsonTypeInfo( use = JsonTypeInfo.Id.NAME, include = JsonTypeInfo.As.EXISTING_PROPERTY, property = "type", visible = true) @JsonSubTypes({ @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = SingleChoiceQuestion.class, name = Question.SINGLE_CHOICE), @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = MultipleChoiceQuestion.class, name = Question.MULTIPLE_CHOICE), @JsonSubTypes.Type(value = TrueOrFalseQuestion.class, name = Question.TRUE_OR_FALSE), }) public abstract class Question { protected static final String SINGLE_CHOICE = "single_choice"; protected static final String MULTIPLE_CHOICE = "multiple_choice"; protected static final String TRUE_OR_FALSE = "true_or_false"; protected String type; protected String content; protected String answer; protected boolean isCorrect(String answer) { return this.answer.equals(answer); } }
判断题TrueOrFalseQuestion:
@Data @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true) public class TrueOrFalseQuestion extends Question { public TrueOrFalseQuestion() { this.type = TRUE_OR_FALSE; } }
选择题ChoiceQuestion:
@Data @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true) public abstract class ChoiceQuestion extends Question { private List
单选题SingleChoiceQuestion:
@Data @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true) public class SingleChoiceQuestion extends ChoiceQuestion { public SingleChoiceQuestion() { this.type = SINGLE_CHOICE; } }
多选题MultipleChoiceQuestion:
@Data @EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = true) public class MultipleChoiceQuestion extends ChoiceQuestion { public MultipleChoiceQuestion() { this.type = MULTIPLE_CHOICE; } @Override public void setAnswer(String answer) { this.answer = sortString(answer); } @Override public boolean isCorrect(String answer) { return this.answer.equals(sortString(answer)); } private String sortString(String str) { char[] chars = str.toCharArray(); Arrays.sort(chars); return String.valueOf(chars); } }
测试
接下来测试一下
定义一个接口,我们可以使用@RequestBody传入一个Exam对象,返回解析结果:
@RequestMapping(value = "/exam", method = RequestMethod.POST) public ListparseExam(@RequestBody Exam exam) { List results = new ArrayList<>(); results.add(String.format("Parsed an exam, name = %s", exam.getName())); results.add(String.format("Exam has %s questions", exam.getQuestions().size())) List types = new ArrayList<>(); for (Question question : exam.getQuestions()) { types.add(question.getType()); } results.add(String.format("Questions types: %s", types.toString())); return results; }
项目跑起来,调用接口测试一下:
curl -X POST \ http://127.0.0.1:8080/exam/ \ -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \ -d '{ "name":"一场考试", "questions": [ { "type": "single_choice", "content": "单选题", "options": [ { "code":"A", "content": "选项A" },{ "code":"B", "content": "选项B" }], "answer": "A" },{ "type": "multiple_choice", "content": "多选题", "options": [ { "code":"A", "content": "选项A" },{ "code":"B", "content": "选项B" }], "answer": "AB" },{ "type": "true_or_false", "content": "判断题", "answer": "True" }] }'
接口返回如下:
[ "Parsed an exam, name = 一场考试", "Exam has 3 questions", "Questions types: [single_choice, multiple_choice, true_or_false]" ]
这里不同类型的question,type字段都能正确读取,表明反序列化过程中确实是调用了具体子类对应的类来进行实例化的。
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,谢谢大家对创新互联的支持。