重庆分公司,新征程启航
为企业提供网站建设、域名注册、服务器等服务
本篇内容介绍了“Multipart Upload的presign怎么使用”的有关知识,在实际案例的操作过程中,不少人都会遇到这样的困境,接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧!希望大家仔细阅读,能够学有所成!
创新互联成都企业网站建设服务,提供网站设计制作、成都做网站网站开发,网站定制,建网站,网站搭建,网站设计,响应式网站,网页设计师打造企业风格网站,提供周到的售前咨询和贴心的售后服务。欢迎咨询做网站需要多少钱:13518219792
有项目需要在客户端上传数据,但是出于安全考虑不能在客户端本地任何位置存储secret-key的信息,同时普通的presign上传请求也有局限性,特别是当文件很大的时候整个上传效率非常低。因此需要调研Multipart Upload是否支持presign机制。(Multipart Upload是否支持presign,AWS及ceph官方都没有明确说明)
整个Multipart Upload大致分为3个阶段
1. initiate_multipart_upload:使用HTTP POST请求构建初始化数据,object的metadata、content-type这些都是在这个阶段设置,请求成功以后的response里面回返回uploadID,后续使用这个uploadID进行数据上传操作。
2. upload_part:使用HTTP PUT请求构建数据上传操作,客户端本地将大文件拆分成多个part文件,每个part使用相同的uploadID,按uploadNumber顺序依次上传数据(可以并行)。每个part文件上传成功会返回对应的etag来完成每个part文件的一致性校验。
3. compelte_upload:使用HTTP PUT请求构建最后的合并请求操作,完成各个分块的逻辑合并,注意返回的etag不具备一致性校验功能。
Multipart Upload特性总结:
1.拆分大文件到多个part文件,实现超大文件的上传。
2.拆分的part文件可以并行上传,极大地提高了上传效率。
3.Multipart Upload实现的是过程一致性校验,而非最终一致性校验。
4.metadata和content-type一类的信息必须在initiate阶段提前设置。
流程介绍:和普通Multipart Upload一样先在client端实现文件的拆分,之后对每个part文件生成单独的PreSignURL,最后使用生成的URL完成各个part文件的上传(不再需要secret-key)。
分为两部分,server_demo.py主要实现最关键的S3Sign,代码如下
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import time import hmac from hashlib import sha1 as sha py3k = False try: from urlparse import urlparse, unquote from base64 import encodestring except: py3k = True from urllib.parse import urlparse, unquote from base64 import encodebytes as encodestring class S3PreSign(): def __init__(self, access_key, secret_key, service_url, bucket_name, object_name, upload_ID, expires): self.service_url = str(service_url) self.access_key = str(access_key) self.secret_key = str(secret_key) self.bucket_name = str(bucket_name) self.object_name = str(object_name) self.upload_ID = str(upload_ID) self.Expires = int(time.time()) + int(expires) def get_signature_str(self, sign_str): if py3k: key = self.secret_key.encode('utf-8') msg = sign_str.encode('utf-8') else: key = self.secret_key msg = sign_str h = hmac.new(key, msg, digestmod=sha) return (encodestring(h.digest()).strip()).replace('+', '%2b') def build_url(self, partNumber, Signature): url_ = "http://{bucket_name}.{service_url}/{object_name}?uploadId={uploadId}&partNumber={partNumber}&Expires={Expires}&AWSAccessKeyId={AWSAccessKeyId}&Signature={Signature}".format( bucket_name=self.bucket_name, service_url=self.service_url, object_name=self.object_name, uploadId=self.upload_ID, partNumber=partNumber, Expires=self.Expires, AWSAccessKeyId=self.access_key, Signature=Signature ) return url_ def build_url_with_partid(self, partMd5, partNumber): sign_str = "PUT\n{partMd5}\n\n{Expires}\n/{bucket_name}/{object_name}?partNumber={partNumber}&uploadId={uploadId}".format( partMd5=partMd5, Expires=self.Expires, bucket_name=self.bucket_name, object_name=self.object_name, partNumber=partNumber, uploadId=self.upload_ID) Signature_ = self.get_signature_str(sign_str) return self.build_url(partNumber, Signature_)
最后在client_demo.py中实现对应的并行上传用例,这里只是简单的说明过程,如果需要隐藏secret-key这些信息,需要将这个生成presignURL的过程封装成一个独立的服务接口,客户端通过请求去获取这些生成的presignURL。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from server_demo import S3PreSign import requests from base64 import encodestring from hashlib import md5 import os from multiprocessing import Pool class S3client(): def __init__(self, part_num, uploadfile_path): self.part_num = part_num self.uploadfile_path = uploadfile_path def split_file(self): filelist = [] statinfo = os.stat(self.uploadfile_path) chunksize = statinfo.st_size / self.part_num print "File size: %d(MB)" % (statinfo.st_size / (1024 * 1024)) print self.uploadfile_path,chunksize with open(self.uploadfile_path, "rb") as f: index = 1 while True: chunk = f.read(chunksize) if (chunk): fn = "%s.part.%d" % (self.uploadfile_path, index) print "creating", fn with open(fn, "wb") as fw: fw.write(chunk) partMD5 = self.compute_hash(fn) tmp_ = {} tmp_[fn] = str(partMD5) filelist.append(tmp_) index = index + 1 else: break return filelist def compute_hash(self, filepath, buf_size=8192, size=None, hash_algorithm=md5): hash_obj = hash_algorithm() with open(filepath) as fp: spos = fp.tell() if size and size < buf_size: s = fp.read(size) else: s = fp.read(buf_size) while s: if not isinstance(s, bytes): s = s.encode('utf-8') hash_obj.update(s) if size: size -= len(s) if size <= 0: break if size and size < buf_size: s = fp.read(size) else: s = fp.read(buf_size) base64_digest = encodestring(hash_obj.digest()).decode('utf-8') if base64_digest[-1] == '\n': base64_digest = base64_digest[0:-1] return base64_digest def make_upload_list(self,S3Sign): upload_file_list = self.split_file() for f in upload_file_list: part_path = f.keys()[0] partMD5 = f.values()[0] partnum_ = f.keys()[0].split(".")[-1] url_ = S3Sign.build_url_with_partid(partMD5, partnum_) # print "Ready to upload {part_path} with URL={url_} MD5={partMD5}".format(part_path=part_path,url_=url_,partMD5=partMD5) yield (url_, part_path, partMD5) def multipart_upload_with_part(url_, part_file_path, partMD5): headers = {} headers["Content-MD5"] = partMD5 with open(part_file_path,'r') as fh: response = requests.put(url_, headers=headers, data=fh.read()) if response.status_code == 200: print "{} upload Sucessful !".format(part_file_path) if __name__ == "__main__": endpoint = 's3.ceph.work' access_key = '' secret_key = '' key_name = 'cosben-0.4.2.c4.zip' part_num = 6 #大文件切分数量 expires = 300 #生成的presignURL有效时长 bucket_name = 'multi-upload' file_path = '/tmp/cosbench-0.4.2.c4.zip' upload_ID = '2~EAEhzt0luJqhV4KkZDGQH3CmegO00FX' #uploadID使用boto或者其他方法生成 processes_num = 2 #并行上传进程数 s3sign = S3PreSign(access_key=access_key, secret_key=secret_key, service_url=endpoint, bucket_name=bucket_name, object_name=key_name, upload_ID=upload_ID, expires=expires) s3client = S3client(part_num,file_path) # s3client.split_file() upload_file_list = s3client.make_upload_list(s3sign) p = Pool(processes=processes_num) for i in upload_file_list: # print i p.apply_async(multipart_upload_with_part, (i[0], i[1], i[2],)) print 'Waiting for all subprocesses done...' p.close() p.join() print 'All subprocesses done.'
“Multipart Upload的presign怎么使用”的内容就介绍到这里了,感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注创新互联网站,小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章!