LNMP+Zabbix

第1章 环境规划

创新互联公司服务项目包括巫山网站建设、巫山网站制作、巫山网页制作以及巫山网络营销策划等。多年来，我们专注于互联网行业，利用自身积累的技术优势、行业经验、深度合作伙伴关系等，向广大中小型企业、政府机构等提供互联网行业的解决方案，巫山网站推广取得了明显的社会效益与经济效益。目前，我们服务的客户以成都为中心已经辐射到巫山省份的部分城市，未来相信会继续扩大服务区域并继续获得客户的支持与信任！

1.1 环境要求

[root@web01 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

[root@web01 ~]# uname -m

x86_64

[root@web01 ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64

[root@web01 ~]# uname -n

web01

[root@web01 ~]# uname -a

Linux web01 2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Jul 23 15:44:03 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@web01 ~]#

1.2 软件版本

软件 版本

nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz 1.10.1

php-5.5.32.tar.gz 5.5.32

MySQL-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz 5.5.49

1.3 系统规划

1.3.1 IP规划

IP地址 软件

10.0.0.8 安装zabbix

第2章 安装Nginx

2.1 上传软件包

2.1.1 创建软件包存放目录

[root@web01 ~]# mkdir /home/oldboy/tools

[root@web01 ~]# ls -l /home/oldboy/

total 4

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 24 23:30 tools

[root@web01 ~]#

2.1.2 上传软件包

[root@web01 ~]# cd /home/oldboy/tools/

[root@web01 tools]# rz -E

rz waiting to receive.

[root@web01 tools]# ls

nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]#

2.2 安装Nginx依赖包

[root@web01 tools]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel

2.3 解压编译安装Nginx

2.3.1 创建nginx服务管理用户

[root@web01 tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx

[root@web01 tools]# id nginx

uid=501(nginx) gid=501(nginx) groups=501(nginx)

[root@web01 tools]#

2.3.2 解压编译安装nginx

[root@web01 tools]# ls

nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# tar xf nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# cd nginx-1.10.1

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# ls

auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# ./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.10.1 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

编译正确结果：

 nginx path prefix: "/application/nginx-1.10.1"

 nginx binary file: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/sbin/nginx"

 nginx modules path: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/modules"

 nginx configuration prefix: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/conf"

 nginx configuration file: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/conf/nginx.conf"

 nginx pid file: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs/nginx.pid"

 nginx error log file: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs/error.log"

 nginx http access log file: "/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs/access.log"

 nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"

 nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"

 nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"

 nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"

 nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# make

编译正确结果：

sed -e "s|%%PREFIX%%|/application/nginx-1.10.1|" \

-e "s|%%PID_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs/nginx.pid|" \

-e "s|%%CONF_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.1/conf/nginx.conf|" \

-e "s|%%ERROR_LOG_PATH%%|/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs/error.log|" \

< man/nginx.8 > objs/nginx.8

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/oldboy/tools/nginx-1.10.1'

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# make install

make未报错结果：

|| mkdir -p '/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs'

test -d '/application/nginx-1.10.1/html' \

|| cp -R html '/application/nginx-1.10.1'

test -d '/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs' \

|| mkdir -p '/application/nginx-1.10.1/logs'

make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/oldboy/tools/nginx-1.10.1'

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]#

2.3.3 创建软链接文件

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# ln -s /application/nginx-1.10.1/ /application/nginx

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]# ls -l /application/

total 4

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   26 Jul 24 23:45 nginx -> /application/nginx-1.10.1/

drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Jul 24 23:44 nginx-1.10.1

[root@web01 nginx-1.10.1]#

2.3.4 启动nginx，测试安装是否正常

[root@web01 /]# /application/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@web01 /]# lsof -i :80

COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

nginx   3873  root    6u  IPv4  15870      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

nginx   3874 nginx    6u  IPv4  15870      0t0  TCP *:http (LISTEN)

[root@web01 /]# netstat -tunlp|grep nginx

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3873/nginx          

[root@web01 /]#

2.3.5 前段web页面测试

第3章 安装Mysql数据库

3.1 上传mysql二进制安装包

[root@web01 tools]# rz -E

rz waiting to receive.

[root@web01 tools]# ls

mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  nginx-1.10.1  nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]#

3.2 创建mysql用户

[root@web01 tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

[root@web01 tools]# id mysql

uid=502(mysql) gid=502(mysql) groups=502(mysql)

[root@web01 tools]#

3.3 安装mysql

3.3.1 解压二进制文件并移动到application目录下

[root@web01 tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# ls

mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64         nginx-1.10.1

mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# mv mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.49

3.3.2 创建软链接

[root@web01 tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.49/ /application/mysql

[root@web01 tools]# ls -l /application/

total 8

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 Jul 24 23:59 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.49/

drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Jul 24 23:58 mysql-5.5.49

lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   26 Jul 24 23:45 nginx -> /application/nginx-1.10.1/

drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Jul 24 23:46 nginx-1.10.1

[root@web01 tools]#

3.3.3 创建mysql配置文件和启动文件

[root@web01 tools]# \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@web01 tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@web01 tools]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10880 Jul 25 00:02 /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@web01 tools]#

[root@web01 tools]# sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld

3.3.4 初始化mysql数据库

[root@web01 tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql

Installing MySQL system tables...

160725  0:08:23 [Note] /application/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.49) starting as process 3981 ...

OK

Filling help tables...

160725  0:08:23 [Note] /application/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.49) starting as process 3988 ...

OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h web01 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

/application/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd /application/mysql/ ; /application/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cd /application/mysql//mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

[root@web01 tools]#

3.4 递归修改/application/mysql目录

[root@web01 tools]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/

[root@web01 tools]# ls -lr /application/mysql/

total 220

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 support-files

drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 sql-bench

drwxr-xr-x 27 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 share

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 scripts

-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql   2496 Mar  1 13:45 README

drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 mysql-test

drwxr-xr-x  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 man

drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 lib

-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql 152629 Mar  1 13:53 INSTALL-BINARY

drwxr-xr-x  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 include

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 24 23:58 docs

drwxr-xr-x  5 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 25 00:08 data

-rw-r--r--  1 mysql mysql  17987 Mar  1 13:45 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jul 25 00:03 bin

[root@web01 tools]#

3.5 修改环境变量

[root@web01 tools]# echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin/:$PATH' >>/etc/profile

[root@web01 tools]# source /etc/profile

[root@web01 tools]# echo $PATH

/application/mysql/bin/:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

[root@web01 tools]#

3.6 添加开机自启动

[root@web01 tools]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@web01 tools]# chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on

[root@web01 tools]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld

mysqld         0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off

[root@web01 tools]#

3.7 启动mysql数据库

[root@web01 tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@web01 tools]# lsof -i :3306

COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

mysqld  4274 mysql   10u  IPv4  23779      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)

[root@web01 tools]# netstat -tunlp|grep mysqld

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      4274/mysqld        

[root@web01 tools]#

3.8 优化mysql

[root@web01 tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password "oldboy123"

[root@web01 tools]# mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "drop user 'root'@'::1';"

[root@web01 tools]#  mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "drop user ''@'localhost';"

[root@web01 tools]# mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "drop user ''@web01;"

[root@web01 tools]# mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "drop user root@web01;"

[root@web01 tools]# mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"

+------+-----------+

| user | host      |

+------+-----------+

| root | 127.0.0.1 |

| root | localhost |

+------+-----------+

[root@web01 tools]#  mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "flush privileges;"

[root@web01 tools]#  mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "drop database test;"

[root@web01 tools]#  mysql -u root -poldboy123 -e "show databases;"

+--------------------+

| Database           |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql              |

| performance_schema |

+--------------------+

[root@web01 tools]#

第4章 安装php

4.1 上传php

[root@web01 /]# ls -l /home/oldboy/tools/

total 204636

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   4984397 Aug  8  2011 libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 185870973 Jul  3 10:52 mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

drwxr-xr-x 9 1001 1001      4096 Jul 24 23:42 nginx-1.10.1

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    909077 Jun 12 11:43 nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  17773092 Jul  3 12:18 php-5.5.32.tar.gz

[root@web01 /]#

4.2 安装php依赖包

4.2.1 yum安装的依赖包

[root@web01 tools]# yum -y install zlib-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel  libjpeg-turbo-devel  freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel  libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt

4.2.2 源码安装的依赖包

[root@web01 tools]# tar xf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz

[root@web01 tools]# cd libiconv-1.14

[root@web01 libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv

[root@web01 libiconv-1.14]# make && make install

4.2.3 编译安装php

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# ./configure \

--prefix=/application/php5.5.32 \

--with-mysql=/application/mysql/ \

--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd \

--with-mysqli=mysqlnd \

--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv \

--with-freetype-dir \

--with-jpeg-dir \

--with-png-dir \

--with-zlib \

--with-libxml-dir=/usr \

--enable-xml \

--disable-rpath \

--enable-bcmath \

--enable-shmop \

--enable-sysvsem \

--enable-inline-optimization \

--with-curl \

--enable-mbregex \

--enable-fpm \

--enable-mbstring \

--with-mcrypt \

--with-gd \

--enable-gd-native-ttf \

--with-openssl \

--with-mhash \

--enable-pcntl \

--enable-sockets \

--with-xmlrpc \

--enable-zip \

--enable-soap \

--enable-short-tags \

--enable-static \

--with-xsl \

--with-fpm-user=nginx \

--with-fpm-group=nginx \

--enable-opcache=no  \

--enable-ftp \

--with-gettext

正常编译结果：

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

| License:                                                           |

| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |

| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |

| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |

| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |

| the installation process at this point.                            |

+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php5.spec

config.status: creating main/build-defs.h

config.status: creating scripts/phpize

config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1

config.status: creating scripts/php-config

config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1

config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1

config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf

config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm

config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service

config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8

config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html

config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1

config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1

config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1

config.status: creating main/php_config.h

config.status: executing default commands

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# ln -s /application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18  /usr/lib64/

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# touch ext/phar/phar.phar

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]#make

Generating phar.phar

PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled.

directorygraphiterator.inc

directorytreeiterator.inc

clicommand.inc

invertedregexiterator.inc

pharcommand.inc

phar.inc

Build complete.

Don't forget to run 'make test'.

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]#make install

[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.4.0

[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1

[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1

[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.3.0

[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.10.1

Wrote PEAR system config file at: /application/php5.5.32/etc/pear.conf

You may want to add: /application/php5.5.32/lib/php to your php.ini include_path

/home/oldboy/tools/php-5.5.32/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /application/php5.5.32/bin

ln -s -f phar.phar /application/php5.5.32/bin/phar

Installing PDO headers:          /application/php5.5.32/include/php/ext/pdo/

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]#

4.3 创建软链接

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# ln -s /application/php5.5.32/ /application/php

4.4 创建php-fpm配置文件和php启动文件

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# pwd

/home/oldboy/tools/php-5.5.32

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# ls -l /application/php/lib/

total 72

drwxr-xr-x 14 root root  4096 Jul 25 00:43 php

-rw-r--r--  1 root root 69266 Jul 25 00:46 php.ini

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# cp /application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]# ls -l /application/php/etc/

total 52

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  1321 Jul 25 00:43 pear.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22610 Jul 25 00:47 php-fpm.conf

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22610 Jul 25 00:43 php-fpm.conf.default

[root@web01 php-5.5.32]#

4.5 启动php

[root@web01 /]# /application/php/sbin/php-fpm

[root@web01 /]# netstat -tunlp|grep php-fpm

tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      8348/php-fpm        

[root@web01 /]#

[root@web01 /]# lsof -i :9000

COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME

php-fpm 8348  root    7u  IPv4 131819      0t0  TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 8349 nginx    0u  IPv4 131819      0t0  TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

php-fpm 8350 nginx    0u  IPv4 131819      0t0  TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)

[root@web01 /]#

第5章 测试Nginx+php+mysql

5.1 测试nginx+php链接

5.1.1 修改nginx配置文件

[root@web01 /]# cd /application/nginx/conf/

[root@web01 conf]# ls

fastcgi.conf            koi-utf             nginx.conf           uwsgi_params

fastcgi.conf.default    koi-win             nginx.conf.default   uwsgi_params.default

fastcgi_params          mime.types          scgi_params          win-utf

fastcgi_params.default  mime.types.default  scgi_params.default

[root@web01 conf]#

[root@web01 conf]# cat nginx.conf

worker_processes  1;

events {

   worker_connections  1024;

}

http {

   include       mime.types;

   default_type  application/octet-stream;

   sendfile        on;

   keepalive_timeout  65;

   log_format  main     '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                        '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                        '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

   server {

       listen       80;

       server_name  localhost;

       location / {

           root   html;

           index  index.php index.html index.htm;

       }

     location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {

    fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;

    fastcgi_index index.php;

    include fastcgi.conf;

    }

    access_log logs/access_zabbix.log main;

   }

}

[root@web01 conf]#

5.1.2 重启nginx

[root@web01 conf]# ../sbin/nginx -t

nginx: the configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.1/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file /application/nginx-1.10.1/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@web01 conf]#

[root@web01 conf]# ../sbin/nginx -s reload

[root@web01 conf]#

5.1.3 编写phpinfo配置文件

[root@web01 html]# cat phpinfo.php