Android中怎么实现蓝牙设备检测连接

Android中怎么实现蓝牙设备检测连接，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。

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Android为蓝牙技术提供了4个工具类，分别是蓝牙适配器BluetoothAdapter、蓝牙设备BluetoothDevice、蓝牙服务端套接字BluetoothServerSocket和蓝牙客户端套接字BluetoothSocket。

蓝牙适配器BluetoothAdapter

BluetoothAdapter的作用其实跟其它的**Manger差不多，可以把它当作蓝牙管理器。下面是BluetoothAdapter的常用方法说明。

getDefaultAdapter：静态方法，获取默认的蓝牙适配器对象；enable：打开蓝牙功能；disable：关闭蓝牙功能；isEnable：判断蓝牙功能是否打开；startDiscovery：开始搜索周围的蓝牙设备；cancelDiscovery：取消搜索操作；isDiscovering：判断当前是否正在搜索设备；getBondedDevices：获取已绑定的设备列表；setName：设置本机的蓝牙名称；getName：获取本机的蓝牙名称；getAddress：获取本机的蓝牙地址；getRemoteDevice：根据蓝牙地址获取远程的蓝牙设备；getState：获取本地蓝牙适配器的状态；listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord：根据名称和UUID创建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket；listenUsingRfcommOn：根据渠道编号创建并返回BluetoothServiceSocket。

蓝牙设备BluetoothDevice

BluetoothDevice用于指代某个蓝牙设备，通常表示对方设备。BluetoothAdapter管理的是本机蓝牙设备。下面是BluetoothDevice的常用方法说明。

getName：获得该设备的名称；  getAddress：获得该设备的地址；  getBondState：获得该设备的绑定状态；  createBond：创建匹配对象；  createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord：根据UUID创建并返回一个BluetoothSocket。

蓝牙服务器套接字BluetoothServiceSocket

BluetoothServiceSocket是服务端的Socket，用来接收客户端的Socket连接请求。下面是常用的方法说明。

accept：监听外部的蓝牙连接请求；close：关闭服务端的蓝牙监听。

蓝牙客户端套接字BluetoothSocket

BluetoothSocket是客户端的Socket，用于与对方设备进行数据通信。下面是常用的方法说明。

connect：建立蓝牙的socket连接；  close：关闭蓝牙的socket连接；  getInputStream：获取socket连接的输入流对象；  getOutputStream：获取socket连接的输出流对象；  getRemoteDevice：获取远程设备信息。

layout\activity_bluetooth.xml界面布局代码如下：界面布局代码如下：

BluetoothActivity.java逻辑代码如下：

package com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest;import java.io.IOException;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import java.util.ArrayList;import android.app.AlertDialog;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.support.annotation.NonNull;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;import android.widget.CheckBox;import android.widget.CompoundButton;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.adapter.BlueListAdapter;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.bean.BlueDevice;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueAcceptTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueConnectTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.task.BlueReceiveTask;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.util.BluetoothUtil;import com.fukaimei.bluetoothtest.widget.InputDialogFragment;public class BluetoothActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements    OnClickListener, OnItemClickListener, OnCheckedChangeListener,    BlueConnectTask.BlueConnectListener, InputDialogFragment.InputCallbacks, BlueAcceptTask.BlueAcceptListener {  private static final String TAG = "BluetoothActivity";  private CheckBox ck_bluetooth;  private TextView tv_discovery;  private ListView lv_bluetooth;  private BluetoothAdapter mBluetooth;  private ArrayList mDeviceList = new ArrayList();  @Override  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth);    bluetoothPermissions();    ck_bluetooth = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.ck_bluetooth);    tv_discovery = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_discovery);    lv_bluetooth = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_bluetooth);    if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {      ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);    }    ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);    tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);    mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    if (mBluetooth == null) {      Toast.makeText(this, "本机未找到蓝牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      finish();    }  }  // 定义获取基于地理位置的动态权限  private void bluetoothPermissions() {    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION)        != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {      ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{          android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, 1);    }  }  /**   * 重写onRequestPermissionsResult方法   * 获取动态权限请求的结果,再开启蓝牙   */  @Override  public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {    if (requestCode == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {      if (BluetoothUtil.getBlueToothStatus(this) == true) {        ck_bluetooth.setChecked(true);      }      ck_bluetooth.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);      tv_discovery.setOnClickListener(this);      mBluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();      if (mBluetooth == null) {        Toast.makeText(this, "本机未找到蓝牙功能", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();        finish();      }    } else {      Toast.makeText(this, "用户拒绝了权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();    }    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);  }  @Override  public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {    if (buttonView.getId() == R.id.ck_bluetooth) {      if (isChecked == true) {        beginDiscovery();        Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);        startActivityForResult(intent, 1);        // 下面这行代码为服务端需要，客户端不需要        mHandler.postDelayed(mAccept, 1000);      } else {        cancelDiscovery();        BluetoothUtil.setBlueToothStatus(this, false);        mDeviceList.clear();        BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);        lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);      }    }  }  private Runnable mAccept = new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {      if (mBluetooth.getState() == BluetoothAdapter.STATE_ON) {        BlueAcceptTask acceptTask = new BlueAcceptTask(true);        acceptTask.setBlueAcceptListener(BluetoothActivity.this);        acceptTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR);      } else {        mHandler.postDelayed(this, 1000);      }    }  };  @Override  public void onClick(View v) {    if (v.getId() == R.id.tv_discovery) {      beginDiscovery();    }  }  @Override  protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, intent);    if (requestCode == 1) {      if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {        Toast.makeText(this, "允许本地蓝牙被附近的其它蓝牙设备发现", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      } else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {        Toast.makeText(this, "不允许蓝牙被附近的其它蓝牙设备发现", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();      }    }  }  private Runnable mRefresh = new Runnable() {    @Override    public void run() {      beginDiscovery();      mHandler.postDelayed(this, 2000);    }  };  private void beginDiscovery() {    if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() != true) {      mDeviceList.clear();      BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);      lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);      tv_discovery.setText("正在搜索蓝牙设备");      mBluetooth.startDiscovery();    }  }  private void cancelDiscovery() {    mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);    tv_discovery.setText("取消搜索蓝牙设备");    if (mBluetooth.isDiscovering() == true) {      mBluetooth.cancelDiscovery();    }  }  @Override  protected void onStart() {    super.onStart();    mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);    blueReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();    //需要过滤多个动作，则调用IntentFilter对象的addAction添加新动作    IntentFilter foundFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);    foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);    foundFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);    registerReceiver(blueReceiver, foundFilter);  }  @Override  protected void onStop() {    super.onStop();    cancelDiscovery();    unregisterReceiver(blueReceiver);  }  private BluetoothReceiver blueReceiver;  private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {    @Override    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {      String action = intent.getAction();      Log.d(TAG, "onReceive action=" + action);      // 获得已经搜索到的蓝牙设备      if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND)) {        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);        BlueDevice item = new BlueDevice(device.getName(), device.getAddress(), device.getBondState() - 10);        mDeviceList.add(item);        BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(BluetoothActivity.this, mDeviceList);        lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);        lv_bluetooth.setOnItemClickListener(BluetoothActivity.this);      } else if (action.equals(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED)) {        mHandler.removeCallbacks(mRefresh);        tv_discovery.setText("蓝牙设备搜索完成");      } else if (action.equals(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED)) {        BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);        if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING) {          tv_discovery.setText("正在配对" + device.getName());        } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {          tv_discovery.setText("完成配对" + device.getName());          mHandler.postDelayed(mRefresh, 50);        } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {          tv_discovery.setText("取消配对" + device.getName());        }      }    }  }  @Override  public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) {    cancelDiscovery();    BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(position);    BluetoothDevice device = mBluetooth.getRemoteDevice(item.address);    try {      if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {        Method createBondMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond");        Log.d(TAG, "开始配对");        Boolean result = (Boolean) createBondMethod.invoke(device);      } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&          item.state != BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {        tv_discovery.setText("开始连接");        BlueConnectTask connectTask = new BlueConnectTask(item.address);        connectTask.setBlueConnectListener(this);        connectTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR, device);      } else if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED &&          item.state == BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED) {        tv_discovery.setText("正在发送消息");        InputDialogFragment dialog = InputDialogFragment.newInstance(            "", 0, "请输入要发送的消息");        String fragTag = getResources().getString(R.string.app_name);        dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), fragTag);      }    } catch (Exception e) {      e.printStackTrace();      tv_discovery.setText("配对异常：" + e.getMessage());    }  }  //向对方发送消息  @Override  public void onInput(String title, String message, int type) {    Log.d(TAG, "onInput message=" + message);    Log.d(TAG, "mBlueSocket is " + (mBlueSocket == null ? "null" : "not null"));    BluetoothUtil.writeOutputStream(mBlueSocket, message);  }  private BluetoothSocket mBlueSocket;  //客户端主动连接  @Override  public void onBlueConnect(String address, BluetoothSocket socket) {    mBlueSocket = socket;    tv_discovery.setText("连接成功");    refreshAddress(address);  }  //刷新已连接的状态  private void refreshAddress(String address) {    for (int i = 0; i < mDeviceList.size(); i++) {      BlueDevice item = mDeviceList.get(i);      if (item.address.equals(address) == true) {        item.state = BlueListAdapter.CONNECTED;        mDeviceList.set(i, item);      }    }    BlueListAdapter adapter = new BlueListAdapter(this, mDeviceList);    lv_bluetooth.setAdapter(adapter);  }  //服务端侦听到连接  @Override  public void onBlueAccept(BluetoothSocket socket) {    Log.d(TAG, "onBlueAccept socket is " + (socket == null ? "null" : "not null"));    if (socket != null) {      mBlueSocket = socket;      BluetoothDevice device = mBlueSocket.getRemoteDevice();      refreshAddress(device.getAddress());      BlueReceiveTask receive = new BlueReceiveTask(mBlueSocket, mHandler);      receive.start();    }  }  //收到对方发来的消息  private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {    @Override    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {      if (msg.what == 0) {        byte[] readBuf = (byte[]) msg.obj;        String readMessage = new String(readBuf, 0, msg.arg1);        Log.d(TAG, "handleMessage readMessage=" + readMessage);        AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(BluetoothActivity.this);        builder.setTitle("我收到消息啦").setMessage(readMessage).setPositiveButton("确定", null);        builder.create().show();      }    }  };  @Override  protected void onDestroy() {    super.onDestroy();    if (mBlueSocket != null) {      try {        mBlueSocket.close();      } catch (IOException e) {        e.printStackTrace();      }    }  }}

添加蓝牙所需的相应权限：

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